global organization essay

Free International Organizations Essay Examples & Topics

If you have to write an international organization essay, you may be unsure what institutions can fall under this definition. On this page, we’ll try to help you figure it all out. Let us start with the very basics:

International organizations contain representatives from at least three states and operate worldwide (in different states). There are two types of international organizations: governmental (IGOs) and non-governmental (NGOs) .

International governmental organizations are established as associations of states. They pursue common goals and are legally bound by agreements with other states. The UN and the OAS are some of the most prominent examples.

Non-governmental organizations are created by private citizens who share essential objectives. For example, Greenpeace and WWF.

When picking an international organizations topic, students tend to either go too broad or too narrow. To help you avoid these mistakes, our team has prepared a list of ideas for you. Whether you need an essay or research topic, we’ve got you. Besides, below you’ll see free international organizations samples.

11 Research Paper Topics on International Organizations

Regardless of your international organization assignment, you’ll need to conduct research. You might need to present an analysis of one company or compare several of them. In this section, you can find a suitable topic for your research paper:

• Challenges in u niversal international organizations research. International organizations are significant members of the global system. However, they also face challenges and limitations. Some of the difficulties include the unwillingness of members to cooperate and legitimacy concerns. Besides, there is the pursuance of national interests instead of global impact.
• International organizations’ importance and role. The global community understood the need for international organizations after the First World War. The destruction and bankruptcy caused countries to seek worldwide dialogue and collaboration. Why is it vital for the world even today? Explore the history and the issue as a whole.
• The reason for different scholarly definitions of the term of international institutions. In this essay, students can discuss definitions for the concept. Pay attention to how the institutions have been conceptualized across various academic disciplines.
• The role of the UN in promoting democracy in the Indian-Kashmir conflict. The UN played a critical role in maintaining peace in the Kashmir region. For seventeen years, UNSC has been heavily involved in the issue. Consider whether the United Nations’ actions promoted democracy. Is the UN relevant for the region?
• The relationship between transnational, national, and grassroots associations. This research paper encompasses three concepts, but you should try to go beyond simple definitions. Look at how these organization and their network shapes the world’s order and politics today.
• Failure of non-governmental organizations due to bureaucracy. This research topic explores how some NGOs fail simply because of the bureaucratic processes they adopted. You can look at the history of the organizations. How can it be resolved? Pick one organization as an example of failure due to bureaucracy.
• Relations between regional organizations and transnational associations in practice and theory. Regionalism is on the rise ever since the end of the Cold War. Discuss critical events in institutional change from global to regional. Look at both the theory and how it is implemented in practice. For that, choose one or two regional organizations and transnational associations.
• An analysis of the United Nations security council in the Post Cold War Era. The UNSC is an organ established for international peace and security. Look at the way the policy has been shaped and created in Post Cold War era. You can include case studies such as Iraq, Haiti, or Yugoslavia.
• An impact of the United Nations conflict resolution in African Countries. Over the past 30 years, the UN attempted to resolve the conflict in West Africa and throughout the region. You can analyze recent issues: Mali, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone. See how the UN helped the parties in negotiating peacekeeping.
• The economic reasons for why the World Bank is still needed. There is a lot of critique regarding the World Bank. However, you are encouraged to discuss why it is still required, especially in developing countries. You can also touch upon why the World Bank isn’t helpful for the world’s poorest economies.
• The policy change between US and Russia relationships after Barack Obama . Focus on the historical reasons why US-Russia relations are so difficult. Every president contributed some new layer to the relationships. Students are asked to analyze Barack Obama’s political legacy by examining US-Russia relations.

11 International Organizations Topics for Essays

For an essay, you may need a narrow topic that doesn’t require too much research. Your investigation may not be as extensive as with the ideas from the previous section. Check out our topic generator to create more original ideas on international organizations.

You can try these topics for your paper:

• The importance of International Cooperation for the global community.
• Why are environmental problems in Africa a global issue?
• How do international trade organizations foster the process of globalization?
• What are the long-term goals of the United Nations?
• Why did the League of Nations fail its purpose?
• Fund transfer problems in transnational associations.
• A comparative analysis of two types of international organizations.
• The importance of having both regional and international organizations in your country.
• The key characteristics and functions of international organizations.
• The role of international organizations in international relations.
• International organizations’ history in the global economy.

Thank you for reading the article till the very end. We hope it will help you in your brainstorming process for your international organizations assignment. Additionally, check the free essay samples below.

128 Best Essay Examples on International Organizations

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Related Topics

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The Power of International Organizations

Introduction, four theoretical approaches, two factors of power, implications and repercussions.

International organizations are an expression of society’s evolution from more primitive relations between states to more complex ones. Institutions such as the UN, IMF, World Bank, WTO, and even EU were formed with one common goal – to contribute to order in international relations. There are no less than four fundamental approaches to understanding the reasons for the creation, functions, and limits of international organizations’ power – liberalism, realism, social constructivism, and Marxism (Park, 2020). This paper aims to argue why international organizations are powerful global actors.

Although initially, when creating international organizations, they had the only visible goal – to regulate relations between these organizations’ member parties, their role, functions, and capabilities are interpreted in different ways. In the historical discourse considering the reasons for international organizations’ emergence and goals, there are at least four main directions of understanding the essence of their activities. Liberalism and its later theories of neo-functionalism and neoliberalism view international organizations as institutions created within the framework of the free will of member states to introduce international policies that will regulate relations between these countries for the common good (Park, 2020). At the same time, liberalism implies that the common good is achievable politically, economically, and even militarily.

Realists, on the contrary, believed that international organizations exist for the sole purpose of protecting the material and security interests of the states that are part of them. According to realists, liberals naively idealize the goals of international organizations. Realists believe that one of the natural expressions of international organizations’ activities is the policy of technocracy and the preservation of the world order in the form in which it is beneficial to the most powerful member states (Park, 2020).

Social constructivists give a broader interpretation of the competence and role of international organizations. They suggest that these institutions are more than an arena for the states that created them by signing an agreement. According to social constructivists, IOs can act independently and implement their policies, promoting independent values and the vision of international culture. Therefore, social constructivists study the way IOs function and the internal rules that can influence their decisions.

Marxist and Gramscian approaches imply that “material economic power is fundamental to the structure of all societies and to international relations” (Park, 2020, p. 324). According to this approach, organizations such as IMW, World Bank, and WTO pursue the goals of a thin layer of elites, represented by investors with large amounts of capital. Therefore, such international organizations’ functioning is reduced to the creation of a circle of states, whose membership in organizations guarantees that these states protect the interests of investors (Park, 2020). Simultaneously, the states themselves, especially developing countries, become dependent on IOs and subsequently are forced to obey their policies. For example, the WTO can decide on which goods a particular state will impose quotas or tariffs. Further, the IMF may require compliance with specific policies that affect citizens’ well-being in exchange for providing loans to states in times of crisis. The Gramscian approach mainly states that IOs operate in global elites’ interests and serve organized capitalism.

The latter approach is valid in many ways, especially given the United States’ role in organizations like the IMF. Scientists widely criticize the activities of IOs since, despite the declared political apathy and independence of judgment, they often express clearly defined positions of a group of stakeholders. Scientists note that the main factors that determine the power of IOs are their historical endurance, their determining role in how states respond to complex issues, like regional and international stability, and their technical expertise (Park, 2020). Another critical factor in the power of IOs is the broad range of the areas of life that are directly influenced by their decisions.

Examples of this impact could be the IMF’s decisions to invest in developing countries and introduce new policies that are economically beneficial to member states with a larger voting quota. It can also be the trade practices of the WTO, which also protect primarily the economic interests of the very first signatory countries. Developing countries are forced to join these organizations to not stand aside from international political and economic processes, including competitive participation in free trade (Park, 2020). But in practice, the main benefit from the entry of new developing states is provided for the most economically successful countries.

Equally important are humanitarian policies, such as the UNHCR, which define the meanings of words such as refugee or internally displaced person and label humanitarian processes as “right” or “wrong.” It is noteworthy that UNHCR policies can run counter to member states’ opinions regarding the placement of refugees – for example, the creation of refugee camps, white by the UNHCR decision, and countries that did not agree with this decision had to obey (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). It is equally important that the organization did not consult with the refugees themselves, and their fates were decided, being put on the conveyor belt of the bureaucratic machine.

Undoubtedly, international organizations have power, and this power sometimes goes beyond their budgets and competencies. Scientists note that the power of international organizations’ influence is determined by two aspects – “the legitimacy of the rational-legal authority they embody, and control over technical expertise and information” (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999, p. 707). The essence of the first factor is that organizations such as the UN usually deliberately act as a disinterested third party that operates in the cancers of common sense and the common good and whose norms, laws, and rules are aimed at ensuring neutrality. However, this is not always the case, given that the UN primarily represents the interests of the first 44 signatory countries.

The second factor implies that organizations like the World Bank attract graduates from the best universities and the most talented professionals. A high level of knowledge and expertise allows World Bank to successfully implement practices that are most consistent with technocracy ideas (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). The UN branches of the humanitarian orientation, which aim to disseminate knowledge and valuable information, may have a better bank of information than some member states, which puts the IO in a stronger position (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). According to scientists, international organizations’ strength would not be a problem if all other parties could be sure that their interests were completely neutral, but this is not the case.

IOs perform their functions using some practices that determine their more powerful position than individual states and even a set of states. First, IOs perform a classification of terms that have global social meaning, like in the case of the refugees’ term (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). Second, IOs fix meanings, endow social contexts with positive or negative implications and provide investment in positive contexts (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). Finally, IOs are responsible for the diffusion of norms globally, allowing them to cement their legacy. Therefore, these functions enable IOs to shape the international agenda by defining norms and patterns of “good” and “bad” political behavior.

Given the above, society, including scientists, journalists, and political experts, closely monitors international organizations’ activities and decisions. The most influential IOs, such as the UN, led by Security Council, usually deserve particular attention due to the significance of their influence. According to Acharya & Plesch (2020), the UN long had only nominal power since two main participants – the US and the USSR – had the right to veto in case of violation of their sovereign interests. Therefore, most organizations’ decisions were blocked from 1945 to 1990, which is also considered the Cold War period. Later, the UN became more active in the settlement of international conflicts. In particular, the concept of the UN armed forces’ behavior in the event of a military conflict that affects the interests of the participating countries appeared.

According to the general agreement, it was determined that the UN military contingent should be located on the border of hostilities, between the armies of two warring parties, on the territory of the state that invited the UN. UN troops are present to keep the peace but may commit military acts in self-defense. According to this principle, UN troops acted in the recent Syria conflict and during the Suez crisis, which became the first precedent for the UN to serve as an independent military force (Acharya & Plesch, 2020).

On the one hand, scientists criticize IOs for bureaucracy and other inherent pathologies (Barnett & Finnemore, 1999). On the other hand, experts note that IOs changed significantly over time, as did their roles. In particular, Beeson, (2017) says that the changing world order now has many characteristics that arose in connection with the functioning of IOs. These are the end of unipolarity, the proliferation of consequential actors, the changing nature of interdependence, devolution, fragmentation and polarization of global governance, the persistence of cultural, ideological, and political diversity, and transnational imperilment (Beeson, 2017).

Experts also say that the changing world order led to multipolarity when power is represented not by the three most potent superpowers but by a whole list of varying forces. Therefore, the responsibility for influencing global results today lies with “non-state actors such as institutions, corporations, extremists, and social movements using material (wealth and military) and nonmilitary (especially new technologies such as artificial intelligence and others that have at least a dual-use) and ideational resources” (Beeson, 2017, p. 229).

The idea of global governance becomes more feasible, considering the potential for balancing forces inherent in various agents (Broome et al., 2018). Still, diversity does not guarantee the emergence of a new super-power of global governance. In any case, the emergence of such a government would hardly benefit those countries for which it will probably be created – the countries of the “third world.” Indeed, even the relatively limited influence of IOs on many states’ political, economic, and military affairs is questioned by experts. For example, Curtis & Taylor (2020) note that the IMF and World Bank ratings have negative consequences for the analyzed countries since they present a too one-sided vision of “development” and consider only a narrowly defined range of indicators.

Thus, it was discussed why international organizations are powerful global actors. One of the main reasons for their power is their apparent independence, while in reality, these organizations protect the interests of the most influential players. Another factor that determines IOs’ strong position is the possession of knowledge and expertise, which surpasses that of many states’ governments. Finally, IOs perform the functions of classifying, fixing meaning, and global dissemination of socially, economically, culturally, and politically significant information, shaping the agenda of their positions. These factors make it possible to consider IOs as an external power, a state outside the state, where the strongest participants directly or indirectly influence the decision-making.

Acharya, A., & Plesch, D. (2020). The United Nations: Managing and Reshaping a Changing World Order. Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations , 26 (2), 221-235.

Barnett, M. N., & Finnemore, M. (1999). The politics, power, and pathologies of international organizations. International Organization , 53 (4), 699-732.

Beeson, M. (2017). Globalization and governance, In Mark Beeson and Nick Bisley (eds.), Issues in 21st century world politics (3rd edn: Palgrave MacMillan), Ch. 6.

Broome, A., Homolar, A., & Kranke, M. (2018). Bad science: International organizations and the indirect power of global benchmarking. European Journal of International Relations , 24 (3), 514-539.

Curtis, D., & Taylor, P. (2020). The United Nations, In John Baylis, Steve Smith, and Patricia Owens (eds.), The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press), Ch. 21.

Park, S. (2020). International organizations in world politics, In John Baylis, Steve Smith, and Patricia Owens (eds.), The globalization of world politics: an introduction to international relations (8th ed.: Oxford University Press), Ch. 20.

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StudyCorgi. (2022, October 16). The Power of International Organizations. Retrieved from https://studycorgi.com/the-power-of-international-organizations/

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Free Role of the International Organisations Essay Sample

The main reason behind the formation of the international organisations in the post war era was because of what had transpired in the 1930’s. The nations of the world had reviewed the events that had almost bankrupted and devastated nations, the war had caused a disruption at a scale which had never been contemplated. The large scale destruction had urged many countries to rethink war, its pros and cons, it was then realised that the world needed an organisation that would help resolve disputes between nations, help build strong, new and independent nations.

 Now what do international organisations actually mean? International organisation as defined in the Farlex English Dictionary is an international alliance involving many different countries. The definition more suited to this context would be, an International Organisation is an organisation which has different nations as its members and performs a certain activity which is in the common interest of all those member nations. The main jobs of these International Organisations is to help maintain peace between nations, but this is only half the job; Wars generally create a lot of political and financial instability/hardships for the nations directly or indirectly involved, International Organisations help overcoming these difficulties by providing assistance through cooperation of other better situated nations.

The sudden need for an international organisation was felt after the First World War. The widespread destruction and the far reaching consequences had made the nations realize that they needed to help themselves or there would be no end to global unrest and instability. After the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War an intergovernmental organisation was formed which came to be known as The League of Nations. It was the first permanent international organisation whose mission was to maintain world peace. League of Nations and other important International Organisations and their roles in the present International System will be discussed in detail in the paper.

What role do International Organisations play in the International System is a question that first comes to the minds of people when International Organisations are being discussed. International Organisation play a very important role in the world today; In the globalised world we live in today, everything ranging from world peace to the clothes we wear have an important link to various International Organisations. In order to understand this statement we have to go down the timeline of International Organisations;

The League of Nations was the first International Organisation in the true sense, it was an organisation whose primary objective was to maintain peace between nations. Its goals as stated in its Covenant included preventing war through collective security and disarmament, and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. Other issues in this and related treaties included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, arms trade, global health, prisoners of war, and protection of minorities in Europe. The League of Nations had 58 members in its greatest extent, but it was soon realised that  the League lacked its own armed force and depended on the Great Powers to enforce its resolutions, keep to its economic sanctions, or provide an army when needed. Sanctions could hurt League members, so they were reluctant to comply with them. Numerous reasons like this led to the downfall of the League of Nations. The onset of the Second World War showed that the League had failed its primary purpose, which was to prevent any future world war. The United Nations (UN) replaced it after the end of the war and inherited a number of agencies and organizations founded by the League.

The United Nations is an international organisation which aims to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace. The United Nations currently has 193 member states, including every internationally recognised sovereign state other that the Vatican City. The organization has six principal organs:

• General Assembly- The main deliberative assembly;
• The Security Council- For deciding certain resolutions for peace and security;
• The Economic and Social Council- For assisting in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development;
• The Secretariat- For providing studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN;
• The International Court of Justice - The primary judicial organ;
• The United Nations Trusteeship Council (which is currently inactive).             

Other prominent UN System agencies include the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Food Programme (WFP) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

The United Nations has been credited with negotiating 172 peaceful settlements that have ended regional conflicts. Recent cases include an end to the Iran-Iraq war, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, and an end to the civil war in El Salvador. The United Nations has used quiet diplomacy to avert imminent wars. The United Nations also has helped in promoting democracy in various countries, it has enabled people in over 45 countries to participate in free and fair elections, including those held in Cambodia, Namibia, El Salvador, Eritrea, Mozambique, Nicaragua and South Africa. The United Nations has also taken various steps to prevent nuclear proliferation; Through the International Atomic Energy Agency, United Nations has helped minimize the threat of a nuclear war by inspecting nuclear reactors in 90 countries to ensure that nuclear materials are not diverted for military purposes. The above mentioned facts clearly show how the United Nations has been successful in addressing the various issues of the International System. The importance of United Nations in regard to the maintenance of  a social order in the world cannot be stressed enough, but there are other International Organisations too which have an equal importance in ensuring growth and peace in the world.

Another important Organisation is the World Trade Organisation, The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948. The organization deals with regulation of trade between participating countries; it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments. The World Trade Organisation has a major role in liberalising the markets of many nations and convincing the nations to open up their markets to the rest of the world. This has been very advantageous because this had expanded the horizons of commerce and business in a way that has changed our outlook of the world.

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation or NATO, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. NATO had helped in ending the Cold War Lines of division which proved to be an incentive for the countries of western and central Europe to overcome long standing differences. NATO has created the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council to give a stronger political dimension to various military partnerships and has made the Partnership for Peace more operational, in order to enhance the pool of resources for joint crisis management, the benefits of which can already be seen in Bosnia and Kosovo.

It can very clearly be inferred from the text that the International Organisations have played a very important role in making the world what it is today. The International Organisations have dealt with a lot of important and pressing issues and have provided a forum for countries to come together and address and resolve disputes and issues that would have had huge implications in the future.

International Organisations are helping shape the world into a much better place. International Organisations are helping overcome challenges like poverty, disease, hunger, social unrest, ensuring equitable distribution of resources, etc. by urging nations to cooperate with one another and it undeniable that the International Organisation plays a huge role in the smooth functioning of the International System. The whole International System is dependent on the functioning of the Organisations so that we can strive to make the world our true utopian dream.

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Global Organization Essays (Examples)

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Global organization analysis.

Global Organization Analysis The World Trade Organization, or WTO, has a strong role in promoting international trade (World, 2014). It not only supervises that trade, but also works to make trade more liberal for all countries (World, 2014). Since trade is an excellent way to keep the economies of various countries moving forward and growing, it would make logical sense that the WTO would be encouraging trade in many different capacities. The WTO was created in 1995 and offers a framework whereby countries can formalize and negotiate trade agreements with one another (World, 2014). There is also a process for dispute resolution so there is less risk to the countries who decide to trade with one another (World, 2014). Participating countries have to agree to the WTO requirements and regulations, and the current focus of the WTO is to bring in more developing countries and get them trading so they can….

African Development Bank Group. (2014). Retrieved from:  http://www.afdb.org/en/ 

Daniel, F.J. & Hughes, K. (2014). U.S. To take India to WTO over solar power policy. LiveMint. Retrieved from  http://www.livemint.com/Politics/XAtX6hSM4SamEyHHRfYDeI/U.S.-set-for-trade-enforcement-action-linked-to-India.html 

World Trade Organization (2014). Retrieved from:  http://www.wto.org

Global Organizations -- IMF at the Bretton

Global Organizations -- IMF At the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, that created the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, the Western capitalist nations sought to avoid a repetition of the events that led to the Great Depression and Second World War by establishing a stable international economic order that was not bound by the rigidity of the pre-1914 gold standard system. The interwar period of 1919-39 was one of economic and politic chaos, featuring deflationary devaluations, closed trading blocs, massive unemployment and the failure of the revived gold standard in 1925-31, which were key factors in the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany in 1933 and the fascist takeover of Japan that began in 1931. President Woodrow Wilson had been an early advocate of free trade and had warned against the nationalism and autarky in economic policies that became the norm in the 1920s and 1930s. Secretary of State….

Bordo, M.D. "The Bretton Woods International Monetary System: A Historical Overview." pp. 3-108.

Boughton, J.M. 2001. Silent Revolution: The International Monetary Fund, 1979-1989. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

Boughton, J.M. (2004). The IMF and the Force of History: Ten Events and Ten Ideas that Have Shaped the Institution. IMF Working Paper No. 04/75.

Kahler, M. (1990). The United States and the International Monetary Fund: Declining Influence or Declining Interest? Eds. Karns, M.P. And K.A. Mingst. The United States and Multilateral Institutions. Routledge, pp. 91-115.

Global Organizations Utilize Competency Models

Organizational Learning Techniques New Skills and Software for HR Managers Because the market for -- and development of -- HR technology is expanding rapidly, it is clear that companies have access to new and very effective software that can help HR directors manage their varied duties. Indeed it is a changing world for HR managers and directors. In Forbes, contributor Josh Bersin explains that "... we are seeing one of the most innovative times ever in the HR technology market" (Bersin, 2014). It used to be that HR software kept track of payroll, stored employee data, managed performance reviews, helped train administration and attendance issues, Bersin recalls. But today HR software systems are used by employees and the recruitment systems operate on mobile phones; a person can apply for a job without a resume, and do an interview over the smartphone video camera (Bersin, 3). And for the HR director, he or she….

Works Cited

Dubois, D., Rothwell, W. (2004). Competency-Based or a Traditional Approach to Training? A New Look at ISD Models and an Answer to the Question, What's the Best Approach? Questia. Retrieved April 9, 2016, from  https://www.questia.com .

Kolodner, J.L. (1991). Improving Human Decision Making through Case-Based Decision

Aiding. AI Magazine, 12(2), 52-67.

Malathi.N (2006). Competency Models. Slideshare. Retrieved April 9, 2016, from  http://www.slideshare.net .

Global Organization

Cross-Cultural Perspectives and Ethicacy of Outsourcing Practices at Oracle Evaluating the Cross-Cultural Ethics and Social Responsibility of Software Outsourcing Programs at Oracle Corporation The low costs and extremely talented programmers available in 3rd world nations is fueling a cross-cultural ethics conflict in addition to forcing companies in this industry to become much better at Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives over time. These two aspects of the ethicacy of outsourcing software development on the one hand and the need for rigorous CSR frameworks and initiatives on the other at enterprise software provider Oracle Corporation is the basis of this analysis. Like Oracle, many merican enterprise software companies face a comparable challenge, as an increasing number of qualified programmers and engineers can be hired in 3rd world nations including India for a fraction of what it costs to hire a programmer in the U.S. Of the many aspects of this paradox, the most challenging to….

As of today, Oracle operates in 160 of 171 nations globally and has development centers in 20 of them (Glover, 2005). Oracle has devised an application development strategy that allows for software to be produced continuously around the plant, ensuring 24/7 development cycles. One of the major hubs for this activity is India, which has emerged as the most productive and prolific of all outsourcing locations globally (Rucker, 2003). Oracle relies on Indian outsourcing operating specifically to support the Oracle 11i database extensions in addition to core programming teams on their Fusion applications, also-based throughout Asia and specifically in India (Glover, 2005). Oracle has invested heavily in a training and development facilities in India which has helped with the cultural transformation of the workforce and with knowledge transfer.

Despite these best efforts to make knowledge transfer more transparent, there still is a very significant difference in salaries and benefits between the Oracle headquarters personnel in Redwood City, California and those working in India. It is common to see Indian PhDs getting 40% less salary for identical work for example, and for entry-level programmers the pay differences are even more acute. There is clearly a double standard when it comes to ethical pay across the Indian and U.S. software engineering professions (Pratt, 2008).

Global Human Resources Management the Objective of

Global Human Resources Management The objective of this work is to describe International Human Resources Management and concerns about effective human resources management in the global environment. The factors that most strongly influence HRM in international markets will be discussed as well as will differences among countries that affect HR planning at organizations with international operations. As well, this work will describe how differences among countries affect HR planning at organizations with international operations. This work will further describe how companies select and train human resources in a global labor market. Discuss challenges related to compensating employees from other countries. Explain how employers prepare managers for international assignments and for their return home. Effective HR Management in the Global Environment Development of the global workforce is critically important and it is necessary to acknowledge that these employees work in an environment that is multi-cultural or global and general awareness programs are reported to….

Bibliography

Global Human Resources Management and Organizational Development (nd) ITAP International. Retrieved from:  http://www.itapintl.com/whatwedo/globalhrmod.html 

Haile, Semere (2002) Challenges in International Benefits and Compensation Systems of Multinational Corporation. The African Economic and Business Review. Vol. 3 No. 1 Spring 2002. Retrieved from http://www.theaebr.com/v3n1Haille.pdf

Palthe, Jennifer (2008) Managing Human Rights and Human Resources: The Dual Responsibility of Global Corporations. Forum on Public Policy. Retrieved from:  http://forumonpublicpolicy.com/summer08papers/archivesummer08/palthe.pdf 

Plessis, AJ and Beaver, B. (2008) The Changing Role of Human Resource Managers for International Assignments. International Review of Business Research Papers. Vol. 4 No. 5 Oct-Nov 2008. Retrieved from: http://www.*****/17[1].Plessis.pdf

Global Financial Strategy

Global Financial Strategy Critical assessment of the proposal to raise capital locally rather than in the UK In the analysis of the proposal of raising capital locally rather than in the UK, it is essential to consider four critical aspects: costs, risks, benefits/advantages, and limitations/disadvantages. In the presentation of this critical assessment, the focus will be on the four factors or aspect in order to offer reliable analysis of the situation. Costs In the process of raising capital locally rather than in the UK, the organization must incur several costs. One of the essential costs is the professional cost. This refers to the amount of money or financial resources paid to the legal advisors, auditors, and reporting accountants in order to execute the process of raising the capital effectively and appropriately. Another important aspect of cost is the trading cost. These are direct costs including the brokerage commissions and financial resources paid by investors….

Burnham, P 2010, 'Class, Capital and Crisis: A Return to Fundamentals', Political Studies Review, 8, 1, pp. 27-39,

Carvalhal, A, & Camara Leal, R 2013, 'The World Financial Crisis and the International Financing of Brazilian Companies', Brazilian Administration Review (BAR), 10, 1, pp. 18-39,

'Chad' 2013, Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition, pp. 1-3,

Chana Kok, T, & Yap Voon, C 2011, 'Risk Factors of Commercial Banks in Malaysia', Journal Of Modern Accounting & Auditing, 7, 6, pp. 578-587,

Global HR Management Human Resource

Employee development and training is an alternate zone. In the IT business, training is not simply about recognizing training needs and giving the presupposed training, but anticipating and reckoning the necessities and advancing suitable training to equip employees so that they can handle the challenges. Another serious challenge is the way businesses have the ability to fuse all the sub-systems in H and help them in accomplishing a definitive objective: extraordinary performance. Individuals must be groomed to get in tune with the performance culture. Making an environment that invigorates the formation of information and its sustenance all through the organization is an enormous challenge. However, investments in Human esource Information Systems (HIS) must create, maintain, and enhance a performance driven culture. The role shifts to that of a facilitator. H will include the entire organization in this process and go about as an advisor and facilitator. This is a H….

Aswathappa, A. (2009). International business. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.

Bell, M.P. (2012). Diversity in organizations. Mason, Ohio: South-Western College.

Burke, R.J. (2005). Reinventing human resource management: Challenges and new directions. London [u.a.: Routledge.

Congress, E.P., & Gonza-lez, M.J. (2013). Multicultural perspectives in social work practice with families. New York: Springer Pub. Company.

Organizational Theory the Theoretical and

Further, coercive and reward power are often highly distributed through the more agile organizations and as a result must be applied immediately to behavior to be effective. In the context of Dr. Edgar Schein's (1983) analysis and presentation of results in his working papers referenced in this document, an industry's growth and culture is well defined in the following quote. In the working papers, Schein (1983) writes: For an organizational culture to exist, there must be a definable organization in the sense of a number of people interacting with each other for the purpose of accomplishing some goal in their defined environment. The founder of an organization simultaneously creates such a group and, by force of his or her personality, begins to shape the culture of that group. But the culture of that new group is not there until the group has had its own history of overcoming various crises of….

Azize Ergeneli, Guler Sag, Iam Ari, Selin Metin. 2006. Psychological empowerment and its relationship to trust in immediate managers. Journal of Business Research 60, no. 1 (December 1): 41. (Accessed December 6, 2007).

French, J.R.P., & Raven, B.H., 1959. The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in social power (pp. 150-167). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.

Geert Hofstede, 2006 - Summary of Ideas about Cultural Differences. From Geert Hofstede's personal website: Accessed on December 7, 2007:

http://feweb.uvt.nl/center/hofstede/page3.htm

Organization Behavior Strategic Management of Human Resources

Organization Behavior Strategic Management of Human esources This paper acquaints the reader with the Human esource Management at the largest fast food brand in the World -- McDonald's. It describes the core HM practices which are currently in use at the company and discusses them in the light of modern International H Management practices. The paper also contains recommendations on how McDonald's can improve its H practices. MCDONALDS: INTODUCTION McDonald's is the World's largest fast food service retailer. Head quartered in Oak Brook, United States; it operates with almost 33,000 fully functioning fast food outlets in 119 countries. It was incorporated as a barbecue restaurant by ichard and Maurice McDonald in 1940. Initially, McDonald's was just offering beef burgers, drinks, and fries. In 1955, McDonald brothers sold it to aymond Albert Kroc who was a franchising agent at that time. ay Kroc took this business to the heights of success by expanding its outlets….

Anca, D.C., & Vazquez, A., 2007, Managing Diversity in the Global Organisation. New York: Palgrave: Macmillan

Ashamalla, M., H., 1998, International Human Resource Management Practices: the Challenge of Expatriation. CR, 8 (2): 54-63

Bloom, M., C., & Milkovich, G., T., 1997, Re-thinking international compensation: From expatriate and national cultures to strategic flexibility. NY: Cornell University, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Center for Advanced Human Resource Studies, pp. 1-2

Chain, P., H., 2000, What Real MNEs are doing in Managing Expatriate Assignments: Trends and Strategies, International Management, IS 6670, pp. 2-4

Global Governance Human Security

.....pursuing graduate studies for professional and personal advancement. A graduate program for professional improvement will prime me for a profession in business, civil service, and nonprofit settings. The programs merge discipline-specific and complex coursework with competence such as critical thinking, multitasking/time management, and analytical thinking that are carried over even with change of profession. Moreover, completing a graduate degree signifies steadfastness, purpose, strength of mind and resilience, and individuals who possess these notable qualities are in great demand to fill innumerable positions. According to NYU (2015), my advancement within an organization lies in my ability to prove success in a long-term state requiring strength, discipline, and the willingness to work cooperatively with others. On the personal level, earning a graduate degree will not only expand and strengthen my education, but it will also instill significant skills and fresh knowledge to become a successful frontrunner and innovator at the conclusion of the….

Global Marketplace

Globalization & Leadership Leadership itself, even within a single country or other geographical area, is complex enough but it can become all the more complex and wide-ranging when speaking of a firm or organization that spreads into a new country or series of countries. Many countries that have become part of the globalization landscape are completely different and on many levels than the West and this would include Central and South America as well as Southeast Asia. Even so, there are good and commonsense ways to expand in areas like this while not rubbing the local populace the wrong way or abandoning the core values of the home company and home country in question. While avoiding all cultural and other faux pas is impossible a lot of the time, there are indeed ways to avoid many to most of them. Analysis One major way that leadership on a global scale can be managed….

Davis, D. (2014). The Pedagogy of Leadership and Educating a Global

Workforce. International Journal of Progressive Education, 10(2), 32-36.

Mabey, C., Kulich, C., & Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. (2012). Knowledge leadership in global scientific research. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(12),

2450-2467. doi:10.1080/09585192.2012.668386

Organizational Culture and HR Policies

Corporate Culture In a contemporary business environment, organizational culture is one of the strategic methods that an organization employs to achieve competitive advantages. Culture is a technique that organizations employ to differentiate among one another. Each organization has its own unique culture that guides the conduct of the employee. Organizational culture consists of the organizational personality and it is the value, norm and behavior of the member of an organization. The objective of this paper is to explore the concept of organizational culture and how the concept is translated into the organizational acts. High Performance Culture In the present competitive environment, each organization is searching for the method to achieve market competitive advantages and differentiate its products and services from the markets. In the contemporary business environment, culture of innovation is a method a high performing organization employs to differentiate itself from other organizations. The success of an organization depends on its culture, and….

Apple (2010). Culture of Innovation and Creativity. Apple Inc.

Apple (2011).Apple Reports Fourth Quarter Results. Apple Inc.

Apple (2011).Annual report . Apple Inc.

Rogers, R.W. & Ferketish. B.J. (2010). Creating a Value Driven Change Process through High-Involvement Culture. Development Dimensions International, Inc.

Facets of global leaders

Global leadership used to be a bit of a novelty or niche part of doing business. While many businesses have engaged in global commerce and discourse for quite some time, it was much more limited in many other parts of industry. However, the advancement of technology, the internet/computers in particular and supply chain logistics has been a game changer. Also significant is the massive movement of many peoples from their customary and common parts of the world to new endeavors and locales. Whether it be the refugee migrations from Africa and the Middle East or whether it be professionals from Asia finding new frontiers in the West as doctors and so forth, demographics are changing swiftly and significantly and this will require a level of cultural awareness and understanding even for businesses that do not intentionally operate in a global fashion. Analysis Even though much of the developments relating to the global….

Global Business Project Management

Global Business Project Management The objectives of a project are the expected outcomes and benefits to be received upon completion of the project. What the project is projected to achieve can either be specific, measurable or varying and materializing gradually over time. Projects are developed and executed in many settings and the type of project chosen; the time, the budget and the team size are agreed on based on the setting, the objectives of the project and the available resources among other factors. Different organizations have particular individual styles and cultures influencing the manner in which the project work is executed. This paper will look at projects, the many factors that make projects to differ, advantages and disadvantages of the functional and matrix organizations when observed from a project management perspective. A project is understood to be a temporary endeavor that is executed by an organization, group or institution and that purposes….

Berkun, S. (2005). The Art of Project Management (Theory in Practice (O'Reilly)). Cambridge: O'Reilly Media.

Galbraith, J.R. (1971). "Matrix Organization Designs: How to combine functional and project forms." In: Business Horizons, February, 1971, 29-40.

Goodman, M., Greenwood A., Major, I. And Nokes, S. (2003). The Definitive Guide to Project Management: The Fast Track to Getting the Job Done on Time and on Budget. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Gottlieb, R.M. (2007). The Matrix Organization Reloaded: Adventures in Team and Project Management (Creating Corporate Cultures). Connecticut: Praeger.

Organizational Environment Starbucks In-Depth Analysis of Organizational

Organizational Environment Starbucks In-depth Analysis of Organizational Environment - Starbucks Starbucks Organizational Culture and Environment Global Perspectives of Starbucks Social esponsibility embraced by Starbucks Starbucks Planning Process Decision Making Process of Starbucks Starbucks Corporate Strategy Organizational Structure of Starbucks Starbucks uses a mechanistic structure as a contemporary design Starbucks Organizational Culture and Environment Starbucks Corporation is considered as one of the leading coffee house chains that offer best quality coffee to its customers. This retail corporation is based in the United States, initiated in the early years of the decade of 1970. Due to its popularity, the company rapidly expanded to various locations around the globe. The vision, goals and strategies designed clearly indicated the fact that the owners did not believe in having growth that can abate the corporate culture, therefore, the corporate culture was considered to be one of the integral aspects for the company. The mission statement of the company in this regard also express that they seek….

Anthony, W.P., Gales, L.M., & Hodge, B.J. (2003). Organization Theory: A Strategic Approach. 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

BCG. (2012). Howard Schultz on Global Reach and Local Relevance at Starbucks - An Interview with the CEO. bcg.perspectives. Retrieved from:  https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/videos/leadership_management_two_speed_economy_howard_schultz_global_reach_and_local_relevance/ 

Behar, H. (2007). It's Not About the Coffee: Leadership Principles from a Life at Starbucks. USA: Portfolio.

SeaZone. (2012). Successful Application of Organizational Behavior: Starbucks - Achieving Success the Starbucks Way. Yahoo Voices. Retrieved from:  http://voices.yahoo.com/successful-application-organizational-behavior-2435551.html?cat=3

Global Organization Analysis The World Trade Organization, or WTO, has a strong role in promoting international trade (World, 2014). It not only supervises that trade, but also works to make…

Global Organizations -- IMF At the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, that created the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, the Western capitalist nations sought to avoid a repetition of…

Transportation

Organizational Learning Techniques New Skills and Software for HR Managers Because the market for -- and development of -- HR technology is expanding rapidly, it is clear that companies have access…

Education - Computers

Cross-Cultural Perspectives and Ethicacy of Outsourcing Practices at Oracle Evaluating the Cross-Cultural Ethics and Social Responsibility of Software Outsourcing Programs at Oracle Corporation The low costs and extremely talented programmers available in…

Business - Management

Global Human Resources Management The objective of this work is to describe International Human Resources Management and concerns about effective human resources management in the global environment. The factors that…

Global Financial Strategy Critical assessment of the proposal to raise capital locally rather than in the UK In the analysis of the proposal of raising capital locally rather than in the…

Employee development and training is an alternate zone. In the IT business, training is not simply about recognizing training needs and giving the presupposed training, but anticipating and…

Further, coercive and reward power are often highly distributed through the more agile organizations and as a result must be applied immediately to behavior to be effective. In the…

Organization Behavior Strategic Management of Human esources This paper acquaints the reader with the Human esource Management at the largest fast food brand in the World -- McDonald's. It describes the…

.....pursuing graduate studies for professional and personal advancement. A graduate program for professional improvement will prime me for a profession in business, civil service, and nonprofit settings. The programs…

Globalization & Leadership Leadership itself, even within a single country or other geographical area, is complex enough but it can become all the more complex and wide-ranging when speaking of…

Corporate Culture In a contemporary business environment, organizational culture is one of the strategic methods that an organization employs to achieve competitive advantages. Culture is a technique that organizations employ…

Global leadership used to be a bit of a novelty or niche part of doing business. While many businesses have engaged in global commerce and discourse for quite some…

Global Business Project Management The objectives of a project are the expected outcomes and benefits to be received upon completion of the project. What the project is projected to achieve…

Research Paper

Organizational Environment Starbucks In-depth Analysis of Organizational Environment - Starbucks Starbucks Organizational Culture and Environment Global Perspectives of Starbucks Social esponsibility embraced by Starbucks Starbucks Planning Process Decision Making Process of Starbucks Starbucks Corporate Strategy Organizational Structure…

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The history, status quo, and role of the european union.

The creation of the European Union economic and political bloc was an unprecedented and bold experiment in the late-20th century, that few thought would succeed. For nearly three decades, the EU continues to exist, but as outlined in the article by Kaiser (2017), there are two distinct perspectives on the...

The American Red Cross Organization Overview

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Introduction The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was founded in 1949 by countries such as the U.S., Canada, and several nations in Western Europe. The main objective of the countries was to ensure mutual protection against the Soviet Union, which posed an immense threat to other nations. Following World War II,...

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Global Organizations in Details

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A global corporation and its challenges

A global corporation is a company that has operations in more than two continents. Global organizations manage or own the manufacture of products or services in their home country as well as two or three other countries. The benefits of expanding a company's operations to many countries are many. However, the expansion brings with it new obstacles, which can also contribute to the organization's demise. For decades, managing a multinational company has become a significant obstacle for administrators. Some multinational organizations, such as Starbucks in Asian countries, have failed to adapt in some countries. Some companies such as IBM have been successful in foreign countries or rather worldwide (Geppert, Matten and Williams, 2016, p. 23). Unilever is another company that has managed to stay afloat globally. The success of the global organizations is the effectiveness or adaptability of the managers in the different countries that the organization has its operations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the contemporary challenges that face managers in a global organization and its effect on the company.

Communication barriers and cultural differences

One of the main challenges that face managers in global organizations is communication barriers and cultural differences. Communication is the backbone of a company's wellbeing in a foreign market. The day-to-day operation of an organization requires an individual to be adept with the local language of that particular place. Many countries in the world use English as their first language. However, some do not use English which has come to be a standard language globally. Such countries can include most Asian countries, Southern American countries, and most countries in Europe. However, some of these countries have incorporated English as their second official language. For a manager, mastering the language of a country that the business has its operations is essential to the success of the organization.

Non-verbal communication and language

Communication does not only involve the language but also other non-verbal cues. The non-verbal communication is essential as the language itself. American people and Britain use English as their first language. However, their nonverbal communication is slightly different. A manager should always understand these nonverbal cues to relate with the locals better. Due to the nature of the global organization, operations may exist in different countries that have different language and nonverbal cues (Cummings and Worley, 2014, p. 89). Some of the managers are not dynamic, and as such, they do not relate to the different countries. Some will only be excellent in communication in two or three countries but fail miserably in the rest of the countries that the organization runs its operations. This is the biggest challenge for global organization managers due to the nature of learning a new language. Accent plays a big role, and most of the time the managers may fail to grasp the accent itself resulting in a broken language. In some cases, this hurts the relationship between the managers and the clients or customers in such a country.

Cultural differences and understanding traditions

Cultural differences are another challenge that most managers of global organizations face. Understanding the ethic and traditions norms of a particular country is essential for a manager. Having a good grasp of these elements helps a manager to avoid misunderstandings with the locals or conflicts. For instance, in most Asian countries, rather than shaking hands, bowing is a more suitable form of greetings. In other countries, bowing can be considered disrespectful while in Asian countries, shaking hands is considered as being rude. Modaff, Butler, and DeWine (2016, p. 56) explain that Bata Shoe Company executive once faced a problem when communicating with a woman. The women workers when talking to a male were required to sit on the floor while facing the other side. A woman talking to a man while standing was considered as being disrespectful. Managers face this problem often in countries that have strict laws or have a common religion such as Islamic countries.

Understanding cultural norms

Cultural norms are also essential not only for communication but also some of the products that the company makes. For instance, selling pork in Islamic countries is considered very disrespectful or rather an abomination. In some parts of India, selling beef is atrocious. The managers have to learn the cultures of the people. Managers face challenges understanding these cultures in detail. Some of the cultural rules are deeply embedded in the tradition to the point that the manager cannot ascertain its true meaning. One misstep by the manager can lead to the company facing a big court proceeding and in the worst case scenario, closure of the company in such a country. Understanding a culture takes time, and this is also a big problem. In most instances, the most work is the initial set up of the organization. During that time, the manager has little information about that culture or tradition. Running into problems is easier at such a time than later when the manager has already learned the language.

Solutions for the challenges

One of the ways of solving these challenges is by installing a foreign manager in the first year of the company's operations. The foreign manager will only act as a public figure, but the decisions are made by the real manager who is supposed to run the company. The local manager from the company has a better understanding of his people and the country's culture and language. This solution is not foolproof but if a good local manager is chosen for the global organization. For instance, Starbucks tried to install local Chinese managers in their coffee shop in China (Shen and Xiao, 2014, p. 101). The managers failed to run the coffee shop because of their lack of experience in the coffee shop business. As such, an organization should only find the managers that have the expertise in the field that they are dealing. Another solution can be to send a local manager to understand the operations of the company while sending the real manager to that country to understand its traditions and the language. The two can help one another during the initial stages of the company. After the real manager has grasped the language of the people and the traditions, the local manager can be given a different role.

Using translators for communication

Translators can be used as a solution for the issue of the communication barrier. A global organization that is in many countries that have different languages will require translators. There can exist one manager but two or more translators that can help with the understanding or rather communication with the local clients. The main problem with translators is that they sometimes do not give the information the way it is intended. Translators do not capture the tone or rather mood of the information itself. A global manager may be expressing sadness or is angry with an employee. Translators will fail to deliver these non-verbal cues. The translators can, however, be trained properly so that they can deliver the message the way it is intended.

Examples of solutions in practice

One example of a company that has used translators is McDonald's in Asian countries. For instance, it took Chinese nationals to look at the way McDonald's is run in the United States so that they could transfer that kind of leadership to its operations in China (Hill, Cronk and Wickramasekera, 2013, p. 125). In Germany, the baristas in Starbucks coffeehouse lacked the basic etiquette of smiling while serving. Most of the workers engaged little in smiling because of the German culture. People only laugh at each other or smile when they have something in common or something funny happened. It is rare to meet strangers smiling at each other without any reason. As such, Starbucks sent the baristas to the United States to look at the way the business is run. The managers were also taken to see how baristas should conduct themselves while serving clients.

In conclusion, global organization managers have many challenges that can only be solved by time. One cannot solve the issues in a few days. Communication and cultural differences are only some of the challenges that take the time to mend. Slight solutions exist for these kinds of challenges. The solutions are costly and sometimes ineffective. However, it offers the best solution compared to other means. Global organizations need a manager that is dynamic and can withstand the different challenges that they face. Starbucks and McDonald's have proved that foreign companies can be successful in other countries as well. Proper planning and a determined management can withstand the challenges and make the organization successful.

Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., (2014). Organization development and change. New York: Cengage learning.

Geppert, M., Matten, D. and Williams, K. eds., (2016). Challenges for European management in a global context: Experiences from Britain and Germany. Chicago: Springer.

Hill, C.W., Cronk, T. and Wickramasekera, R., (2013). Global business today. Sydney: McGraw-Hill Education

Modaff, D.P., Butler, J.A. and DeWine, S.A., (2016). Organizational communication: Foundations, challenges, and misunderstandings. Los Angeles: Pearson.

Shen, Q. and Xiao, P., (2014). McDonald's and KFC in China: Competitors or Companions?. Marketing Science, 33(2), pp.101-307.

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